living organisms
 see Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
  
 Superkingdom Eukaryotae
 see Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925
    
 Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
      
 Subkingdom Eumetazoa Butschli, 1910
 see [unranked] Eumetazoa Bütschli, 1910
        
 Phylum Cnidaria Hatschek, 1888 - cnidarians
          
 Class Anthozoa Ehrenberg, 1831
            
 Subclass Alcyonaria
              
 Order Gorgonacea Lamouroux, 1816 - sea fans and sea whips
                
 Suborder Holaxonia
                  
 Family Primnoidae
                    
 1 Subfamily Callozostrinae
                    
 2 Subfamily Calyptrophorinae
                    
 3 Subfamily Primnoeidinae
                    
 4 Subfamily Primnoinae