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Monophyletic taxon:
Infrakingdom
Protostomia
Grobben, 1908
(invertebrate)
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Hierarchy
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Entity:
Nephrozoa (Clade)
..Deuterostomia (Infrakingdom)
..Protostomia (Infrakingdom)
....Ecdysozoa (Superphylum)
....Spiralia (Superphylum)
Concise hierarchy
(Kingdom)
Animalia
Current position
Nephrozoa
(Clade)
Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
Ref:
M.A. Ruggiero et al., 2015b
: table 2 (p. 36); Giribet & Edgecombe, 2019: fig. 1b.
[indirect]
Alternative positions
Bilateria
(Subkingdom)
Hatschek, 1888
Ref:
M.A. Ruggiero et al., 2015b
: table 2 (p. 36).
Historical positions
Bilateria
(Subkingdom)
Hatschek, 1888
Ref:
M.A. Ruggiero et al., 2015b
: table 2 (p. 36).
Number of Subtaxa
2025
Available in Systema Naturae 2000
25p;60c;326o;4578f;68,993g;150,077s;15,580ss;155v; ‡1f;3g;101s;8ss; †27c;182o;1616f;4179g;1742s;32ss;1v
2015b
M.A. Ruggiero et al.
: table 2 (p. 48)
[26p]
©2004-2025 Universal Taxonomic Services
Last updated:
21 Sep 2025