Period: 299.0 million to 251.0 million years ago.
†Mesosaurus tenuidens Gervais, 1865
Entire range:
†Coelacanthus (Genus)
Within limits:
Chimaeridae (Family) - shortnose chimaeras
†Hibbardellina (Order)
Petromyzontida (Subclass) - lampreys
Petromyzontidae (Family) - lampreys
Petromyzontiformes (Order)
Within limits:
Tetrapoda (Superclass) Goodrich, 1930 - tetrapods
Vertebrata (Subphylum) Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
Upper limit:
†Archaemiopteridae (Family)
†Caloneurodea (Order)
†Dasyleptidae (Family)
†Dasyleptus (Genus) Sharov, 1956
†Diaphanopterodea (Order)
Entire range:
†Dasyleptus brongniarti
†Dunbaria (Genus) Tillyard, 1924
†Permembia (Genus) Tillyard, 1928
†Permopsocida (Suborder)
Lower limit:
Ephemeroptera (Order) Hyatt & Arms, 1891 - mayflies
Hemiptera (Order) C. Linnaeus, 1758 - true bugs
Neuroptera (Order) C. Linnaeus, 1758 - lacewings
Odonata (Order) Fabricius, 1793 - dragonflies and damselflies
Plecoptera (Order) Burmeister, 1839 - stone flies
Psocoptera (Order) Shipley, 1904 - book and bark lice
Within limits:
Archaeognatha (Order) - bristletails
Insecta (Class) C. Linnaeus, 1758 - insects
Orthoptera (Order) Latreille, 1793 - locusts, katydids, crickets, grasshoppers
Pterygota (Infraclass)
Entire range:
†Oonocarcinus anceps Gemmellaro, 1890
†Oonocarcinus geinitzi Gemmellaro, 1890
†Oonocarcinus insignis Gemmellaro, 1890
†Paraprosopon reussi Gemmellaro, 1890
Lower limit:
Tanaidacea (Order) Dana, 1849 - tanaids
Within limits:
Bairdia (Genus) McCoy, 1844
Branchiopoda (Class) Latreille, 1817 - branchiopods
Cephalocarida (Class) H.L. Sanders, 1955 - cephalocarids
Decapoda (Order) Latreille, 1802 - decapods
Lepadomorpha (Suborder) Pilsbry, 1916
Malacostraca (Class) Latreille, 1802
Myodocopida (Order) Sars, 1866
Ostracoda (Class) Latreille, 1802 - ostracods
Peracarida (Superorder) Calman, 1904
Phyllocarida (Subclass) Packard, 1879 - leptostracans
Platycopida (Order) Sars, 1866
Podocopida (Order) (Sars, 1866) G.W. Müller, 1894
Syncarida (Superorder) Packard, 1885 - syncarids
Within limits:
Mesothelae (Suborder) - segmented spiders
Upper limit:
†Cyclus (Genus) de Koninck, 1841
†Miomoptera (Order)
†Phalangiotarbida (Order) Haase, 1890
†Phillipsiidae (Family)
†Trigonotarbida (Order) Petrunkevitch, 1949
†Uraraneida (Order) Selden & Shear, 2008
Entire range:
†Anisopyge (Genus) Girty, 1908
Lower limit:
Coleoptera (Order) C. Linnaeus, 1758 - beetles
Mecoptera (Order) Hyatt & Arms, 1891 - scorpion flies
Within limits:
Amblypygi (Order) Thorell, 1883 - whip spiders
Arachnida (Class) Cuvier, 1812
Araneae (Order) Clerck, 1757 - spiders
Arthropoda (Phylum) Latreille, 1829 - arthropods
Chelicerata (Superclass)
Collembola (Order) Lubbock, 1870 - springtails
Diplopoda (Class) Gervais, 1844 - millipedes
Diplura (Order) Börner, 1904 - diplurans
Entognatha (Class)
Eupodidae (Family) C.L. Koch, 1842
Hexapoda (Superclass) Latreille, 1825
Opiliones (Order) Sundevall, 1833 - harvestmen
Paleoamblypygi (Suborder) Weygoldt, 1996
Pantopoda (Order) Gerstäcker, 1863
Progoneata
Pseudoscorpiones (Order) De Geer, 1778
Ricinulei (Order) Thorell, 1876 - ricinuleids
Scorpiones (Order) C.L. Koch, 1837 - scorpions
Solifugae (Order) Sundevall, 1833
Uropygi (Order) Thorell, 1882 - whip scorpions
Xiphosura (Class) Latreille, 1802 - horseshoe crabs
Xiphosurida (Order) Latreille, 1802
Upper limit:
†Arceodomus (Genus) Pojeta & Runnegar, 1976
†Bransonia (Genus) Pojeta & Runnegar, 1976
†Conocardioida (Order) Neumayr, 1891
†Hyolithida (Order) Matthew, 1899
†Murchisonia (Genus)
†Platyceras (Genus) Conrad, 1840
†Rostroconchia (Class) Pojeta et al., 1972
Entire range:
†Altudoceras (Genus) Ruzhencev, 1940
†Astartila (Genus) Dana, 1847
†Cooperoceras (Genus) Miller, 1945
†Megadesmus (Genus) Sowerby
†Metacoceras (Genus) Hyatt, 1884
†Perrinites hilli (Smith)
†Prodentalium (Genus) Young, 1942
†Uddenites (Genus) Böse, 1917
†Waagenoceras (Genus) Gemmellaro, 1888
Lower limit:
†Phragmoteuthida (Order) Jeletzky, 1965
Within limits:
†Ammonoidea (Subclass)
†Aulacocerida (Order) Stolley, 1919
†Bactritoidea (Subclass)
Bivalvia (Class) C. Linnaeus, 1758 - bivalves
Cephalopoda (Class) Cuvier, 1797 - cephalopods
Coleoidea (Subclass) Bather, 1888
Gastropoda (Class) Cuvier, 1795 - snails and slugs
Nautiloidea (Subclass) Agassiz, 1847
Nautilus (Genus) C. Linnaeus, 1758
Patellina (Suborder) von Ihering, 1876
Scaphopoda (Class) Bronn, 1862 - tusk shells
Within limits:
Aphroditidae (Family) Malmgren, 1867
Aphroditoidea (Superfamily) Malmgren, 1867
Opheliidae (Family) Malmgren, 1867
Polychaeta (Class) Grube, 1850 - polychaetes
Polynoidae (Family) Kinberg, 1856
Sigalionidae (Family) Kinberg, 1856
Spirorbis (Genus) Daudin, 1800
Upper limit:
†Ambocoelioidea (Superfamily)
†Anthaspidellidae (Family) Miller, 1889
†Aulostegoidea (Superfamily)
†Blastoidea (Class)
†Brachythyridoidea (Superfamily)
†Camerates (Subclass)
†Chiastoclonellidae (Family) de Laubenfels, 1955
†Chileata (Class)
†Composita (Genus) Brown, 1845
†Cryptostomata (Order)
†Cystothalamiidae (Family) Girty, 1908
†Dalmanellidina (Suborder)
†Delthyridina (Suborder)
†Dictyonellida (Order)
†Dictyospongioidea (Suborder) Hall & Clarke, 1899
†Dierespongioidea (Suborder) Rigby, 1976
†Echinoconchoidea (Superfamily)
†Echinocystitoida (Order)
†Eichwaldioidea (Superfamily)
†Enteletoidea (Superfamily)
†Eurypterida (Order) Burmeister, 1843 - eurypterids
†Flexibles (Subclass)
†Hyolithes (Genus) Eichwald, 1840
†Linoproductoidea (Superfamily)
†Lyttoniidina (Suborder)
†Lyttonioidea (Superfamily)
†Martinioidea (Superfamily)
†Nucleospiroidea (Superfamily)
†Orchocladina (Suborder) Rauff, 1893
†Orthida (Order) Schuchert & Cooper, 1932
†Orthotetida (Order)
†Orthotetidina (Suborder)
†Orthotetoidea (Superfamily)
†Palaechinoida (Order)
†Reticularioidea (Superfamily) Waagen, 1883
†Reticulosa (Order) Reid, 1958
†Rhipidomella (Genus) Oehlert, 1890
†Rhynchoporoidea (Superfamily)
†Richthofenioidea (Superfamily)
†Rugosa (Order)
†Spiriferida (Order) Waagen, 1883
†Spiriferidina (Suborder) Waagen, 1883
†Spiriferoidea (Superfamily)
†Stenoscismatoidea (Superfamily)
†Strophalosiidina (Suborder)
†Strophalosioidea (Superfamily)
†Syringothyridoidea (Superfamily)
†Tabulata (Order)
Entire range:
†Acanthocladia (Genus) King, 1849
†Ascopora (Genus) Trautschold, 1876
†Ascopora gracilis Ernst et al., 2006
†Chonetinetes (Genus) Cooper & Grant, 1969
†Collemataria (Genus) Cooper & Grant, 1974
†Crurithyris (Genus) George, 1931
†Cyclacantharia (Genus) Cooper & Grant, 1969
†Cystothalamia (Genus) Girty, 1908
†Derbyia (Genus) Waagen, 1884
†Dielasma (Genus) King, 1859
†Dyscritella (Genus) Girty, 1910
†Dyscritella leptosa Ernst et al., 2006
†Enteletes (Genus) Fischer de Waldheim, 1825
†Girtyocoelia (Genus) Cossmann, 1909
†Himatella (Genus) Zittel, 1878
†Hustedia (Genus) Hall & Clarke, 1894[1893]
†Kiangsiella (Genus) Grabau & Chao, 1927
†Lakkella (Genus) Ernst et al., 2006
†Lakkella jamalica Ernst et al., 2006
†Meekella (Genus) White & St. John, 1867
†Miocidaris (Genus) Döderlein, 1887
†Penniretepora (Genus) d'Orbigny, 1849
†Penniretepora afghanica Ernst et al., 2006
†Permianelloidea (Superfamily)
†Precorynella (Genus) Dieci, Antonacci & Zardini, 1970
†Pronechinus (Genus) Kier, 1965
†Pseudoguadalupia (Genus) Termier & Termier, 1977
†Rectifenestella (Genus) Morozova, 1974
†Rectifenestella crassinodata Ernst et al., 2006
†Scheiia (Genus)
†Stellispongia (Genus) d'Orbigny, 1849
†Stenoscisma (Genus) Conrad, 1839
†Tabulipora (Genus) Young, 1883
†Waagenoconcha (Genus) Chao, 1927
†Wentzelella salinaria
†Yakovlevia (Genus) Fredericks, 1925
Lower limit:
†Chenendoporidae (Family) Schrammen, 1910
†Jereidae (Family) de Laubenfels, 1955
Lelapiidae (Family) Dendy & Row, 1913
†Plinthosellidae (Family) Schrammen, 1910
Within limits:
Amphidiscophora (Subclass) F.E. von Schulze, 1887
Amphidiscosida (Order) Schrammen
Annelida (Phylum) Lamarck, 1809 - segmented worms
Anthozoa (Class) Ehrenberg, 1831
Asteroidea (Class) - sea stars
Astrophorida (Order) Sollas
†Astylospongiidae (Family) Rauff, 1893
†Athyridida (Order)
†Athyrididina (Suborder)
†Athyridoidea (Superfamily)
Brachiopoda (Phylum) Duméril, 1806 - brachiopods
Calcarea (Class) Bowerbank, 1864 - calcareous sponges
†Celyphiidae (Family) de Laubenfels, 1955
Ceractinomorpha (Subclass) Lévi, 1973
Chaetognatha (Phylum) (Leuckart, 1854) Hyman, 1959 - chaetognaths
†Chonetidina (Suborder)
†Chonetoidea (Superfamily) Bronn, 1862
Cidaroida (Order)
Clionaidae (Family) d'Orbigny, 1851
†Cnemidiastridae (Family) Schrammen, 1936
Cnidaria (Phylum) Hatschek, 1888 - cnidarians
†Conulariida (Order) Miller & Gurley, 1896
†Conulata (Class) Moore & Harrington, 1956
Craniata (Class) Williams, Carlson, Brunton, Holmer & Popov, 1996
Craniida (Order) Waagen, 1885
Craniidae (Family) Menke, 1828
Craniiformea (Subphylum) Popov, Bassett, Holmer & Laurie, 1993
Cranioidea (Superfamily) Menke, 1828
Crinoidea (Class) - sea lilies and feather stars
†Cryptonelloidea (Superfamily)
Ctenophora (Phylum) Eschscholtz, 1829 - comb jellies
Ctenostomata (Order) Busk, 1852
†Cylindrophymatidae (Family) Schrammen, 1936
†Cyrtinidina (Suborder)
†Cystoporata (Order)
Demospongiae (Class) Sollas, 1875 - demosponges
Dictyoceratida (Order) Minchin
†Dielasmatoidea (Superfamily)
Dimerelloidea (Superfamily)
Discinidae (Family)
Discinoidea (Superfamily)
†Dorydermatidae (Family) Moret, 1926
Echinodermata (Phylum) Klein, 1734 ex De Brugière, 1789 - echinoderms
Echinoidea (Class) - sea urchins and sand dollars
Ectoprocta (Phylum) Nitsche, 1870 - ectoprocts
Euonychophora (Class) Hutchinson, 1930
†Fenestrata (Order)
Geodiidae (Family) Gray, 1867
Gymnolaemata (Class)
Hadromerida (Order) Topsent, 1898
Hemichordata (Phylum) (Bateson, 1885) auct. - hemichordates
†Hemidiscosa (Order) Schrammen, 1924
Hexactinellida (Class) O. Schmidt, 1870 - hexactinellids
Hexasterophora (Subclass) F.E. von Schulze, 1887
Holothuroidea (Class) - sea cucumbers
Hydrozoa (Class) Owen, 1843
†Inadunates (Subclass)
Lingula (Genus) Bruguière, 1797
Lingulata (Class)
Lingulida (Order) Waagen, 1885
Lingulidae (Family) Menke, 1828
Linguliformea (Subphylum)
Linguloidea (Superfamily) Menke, 1828
Lithistida (Order) Schmidt, 1870 - lithistids
†Lobopodia (Phylum) Snodgrass, 1938 - lobopodians
Lyssacinosida (Order) (Zittel, 1877) W.D. Hartman, in S.P. Parker, 1982
Megamorina (Suborder) Zittel, 1878
Mollusca (Phylum) Linnaeus, 1758 - molluscs
Monoplacophora (Class) Odhner, 1940 - monoplacophorans
Onychophora (Phylum) Grube, 1853 - onychophorans
Ophiuroidea (Class) - brittle stars and basket stars
†Pennospiriferinoidea (Superfamily)
Platyasterida (Order)
Polyplacophora (Class) Blainville, 1816 - chitons
Porifera (Phylum) Grant, in Todd, 1836 - sponges
†Productida (Order)
†Productidina (Suborder)
†Productoidea (Superfamily)
Pterobranchia (Class) - pterobranchs
Pugnacoidea (Superfamily)
Pycnogonida (Class) Latreille, 1810 - pycnogonids
†Retziidina (Suborder)
†Retzioidea (Superfamily)
†Rhizomorina (Suborder) Zittel, 1878
Rhynchonellata (Class)
Rhynchonellida (Order)
Rhynchonelliformea (Subphylum)
†Rhynchotetradoidea (Superfamily)
Scyphozoa (Class) - jellyfish
†Sebargasiidae (Family) Girty, 1908
†Sphaerocladina (Suborder) Schrammen, 1910
†Sphinctozoa (Order)
†Spiriferinida (Order)
Spongiidae (Family) Gray, 1867
Stenolaemata (Class)
†Strophomenata (Class)
†Suessioidea (Superfamily)
Terebratulida (Order)
Terebratulidina (Suborder)
Tetracladina (Suborder) Zittel, 1878
Tetractinomorpha (Subclass) Lévi
†Thalamida (Order) de Laubenfels, 1955
†Titusvillidae (Family) Caster, 1939
†Trepostomata (Order) Ulrich, 1882
Tubuliporata (Order)
Verongida (Order) Bergquist
†Wellerelloidea (Superfamily)
Zoantharia (Subclass)
Within limits:
Chordata (Phylum) Bateson, 1885 - chordates
†Stromatoporoidea (Class) Nicholson & Murie
Within limits:
Glomeromycota (Phylum) C. Walker & A. Schüßler, in A. Schüßler et al., 2001 - arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
Upper limit:
†Pseudomariopteris busquetii (Zeiller, 1888) Danzé-Corsin, 1953
Lower limit:
Equisetaceae (Family) A. Michaux ex Alph. de Candolle, 1804 - horsetails
Osmundaceae (Family) Berchtold & J. Presl, 1820
Within limits:
Bryophyta (Phylum) A. Braun (1864) - mosses
Marattiaceae (Family) Berchtold & J. Presl, 1820 - marattioids
Plantae (Kingdom) Haeckel, 1866 - plants
Upper limit:
†Buedingiisphaeridium (Genus) Schaarschmidt, 1963 emend. Lister, 1970 emend. Sarjeant & Stancliffe, 1994
Entire range:
†Tasmanites punctatus E.T. Newton, 1875
Within limits:
Charales (Order) Lindley, 1836 - charophytes sensu stricto
Charales (Order) Lindley, 1836 - stoneworts
†Comasphaeridium (Genus) Staplin, Jansonius & Pocock, 1965
Dasycladaceae (Family) Kützing, 1843
Dasycladales (Order) Pascher, 1931
†Dorsennidium (Genus) Wicander, 1974
†Dorsennidium europaeum (Stockmans & Willière, 1960) Sarjeant & Stancliffe, 1994
†Dorsennidium europaeum subsp. europaeum (Stockmans & Willière, 1960) Sarjeant & Stancliffe, 1994
†Micrhystridium (Genus) Deflandre, 1937
Within limits:
†Acritarcha Evitt, 1963 - acritarchs
Ammobaculites (Genus) Cushman, 1910
Foraminifera (Class) Lee, 1990
Paleodictyon (Genus) Menghini, 1850
Polycystinea (Class) - polycystines
Reophax (Genus) de Montfort, 1808
†Reophax asperus Cushman & Waters, 1928
Spirotrichea (Class) Bütschli, 1889
Trochammina (Genus) Parker & Jones, 1859
Within limits:
Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Eukaryota (Domain) Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Fungi (Kingdom) T.L. Jahn & F.F. Jahn, 1949 ex R.T. Moore, 1980 - fungi
Within limits:
Cyanobacteria (Phylum) Stanier, 1974 ex Cavalier-Smith, 2002 - cyanobacteria
Within limits:
Biota
Within limits:
Aldan Shield
Anabar Shield
Arabian-Nubian Shield
Baikal Fold Belt
Baltic Shield
Cameroon N'tem Complex
Central Africa Craton
Chaillu Craton
Committee Bay Block
Congo Craton
Ethiopian Block
†Gondwana E. Suess, 1861
Greenland Shield
Guapore Craton
Guiana Shield
Indian Shield
Kaapvaal Craton
Kaminak Group
Kasaï Craton
Labrador Shield
Litchfield Complex
Luis Alves Massif
Madagascar Craton
Man Shield
Nanambu Complex
Napier Complex
Pilbara Block
Reguibat Shield
Rio de la Plata Craton
Rio de la Plata Massif
Rul Jungle Complex
São Francisco Craton
Sayan Fold Belt
Scottish Shield
Sebakwe Proto-Craton
Slave Craton
Slave Province
Superior Craton
Superior Province
Tanzanian Craton
Tarim Craton
Tuareg Shield
Ukrainian Shield
West African Craton
Wyoming Province
Yangtze Craton
Yienisei Fold Belt
Yilgarn Block
Zambian Block
Zimbabwe Craton
http://www.palaeos.com/Paleozoic/Permian/Permian.htm