Fishes
   Class Actinopterygii Woodward, 1891 - ray-finned fishes see Clade Actinopterygii Woodward 1891 [Moore & Near 2020]
     Order Stomiiformes Rosen, 1973 - dragonfishes
       Family Stomiidae Bleeker, 1859, nom. praeval. - dragonfishes
         1 Subfamily Chauliodontinae Bonaparte, 1845 - viperfishes
         2 Subfamily Stomiinae Bleeker, 1859 - scaly dragonfishes and lightfishes
         3 Subfamily Astronesthinae Günther, 1864 - snaggletooths
         4 Subfamily Melanostomiinae Parr, 1927 - scaleless black dragonfishes
         5 Subfamily Malacosteinae Gill, 1890 - loosejaws
         6 Subfamily Idiacanthinae Gill, 1893 - black dragonfishes