Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
   Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates see Infraphylum Vertebrata Lamarck, 1801
     Pisces
       Class Actinopterygii Woodward, 1891 - ray-finned fishes see Clade Actinopterygii Woodward 1891 [Moore & Near 2020]
         Order Ophidiiformes Regan, 1912 - cusk-eels
           Family Aphyonidae Jordan & Evermann, 1898 - aphyonids see Family Bythitidae Gill, 1861
           Family Bythitidae Gill, 1861 - viviparous brotulas
           Family Carapidae Poey, 1867, nom. protect., nom. praeval. - pearlfishes
           Family Ophidiidae Rafinesque, 1810 - cusk-eels