Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates see Infraphylum Vertebrata Lamarck, 1801
   Gnathostomata
     Teleostomi Bonaparte, 1836
       Class Osteichthyes Huxley, 1880 [paraphyletic] - bony fishes and tetrapods see Clade Osteichthyes Huxley 1880 [Moore & Near 2020]
         Subclass Actinopterygii Woodward, 1891 - ray-finned fishes see Class Actinopterygii Woodward, 1891
           Infraclass Neopterygii Regan, 1923 see Subclass Neopterygii Regan, 1923
             Division Teleostei Müller, 1845
               Subdivision Euteleostei Greenwood et al., 1966 see Cohort Euteleostei Greenwood et al., 1966
                 Superorder Stenopterygii [monotypic]
                   Order Stomiiformes Rosen, 1973 - dragonfishes
                     1 Family Gonostomidae see Family Gonostomatidae Cocco, 1838
                     2 Family Sternoptychidae Duméril, 1805 - marine hatchetfishes
                     3 Family Astronesthidae see Subfamily Astronesthinae Günther, 1864
                     4 Family Melanostomiidae see Subfamily Melanostomiinae Parr, 1927
                     5 Family Malacosteidae see Subfamily Malacosteinae Gill, 1890
                     6 Family Chauliondontidae see Family Chauliodontidae
                     7 Family †Protostomiatidae Arambourg, 1955, orth. inval. see Family Protostomiidae Arambourg, 1955
                     8 Family Stomiatidae Rosen, 1973, orth. inval. see Family Stomiidae Bleeker, 1859, nom. praeval.
                     9 Family Idacanthidae see Family Idiacanthidae