Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
[crown clade] Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
[crown clade] Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
[crown clade] Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
[crown clade] Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
[node-based clade] Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
[branch-based clade] Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
[branch-based clade] Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
[branch-based clade] Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Craniata auct.
Vertebrata Lamarck, 1801 - vertebrates
[total clade] Pan-Gnathostomata Downs 2020
Gnathostomata Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates
Eugnathostomata
[total clade] Pan-Osteichthyes Rowe 2004 [Moore & Near 2020]
[crown clade] Osteichthyes Huxley 1880 [Moore & Near 2020]
[total clade] Pan-Sarcopterygii
[crown clade] Sarcopterygii Romer, 1955
Dipnotetrapodomorpha Nelson, 2006
[crown clade] Rhipidistia Cope, 1887
Tetrapodomorpha Ahlberg, 1991
Osteolepidida Boulenger 1901 [Cloutier & Ahlberg 1996]
Eotetrapodiformes Coates & Friedman, 2010
Elpistostegalia Camp & Allison, 1961
[branch-based clade] Stegocephali Cope 1868 [Laurin 2020]
[node-based clade] Labyrinthodontia Owen 1859 [Laurin 2020]
[crown clade] Tetrapoda Hatschek & Cori 1896 [Laurin 2020]
[total clade] Pan-Amniota Rowe 2004 [Laurin & Smithson 2020]
Batrachosauria
[crown clade] Amniota Haeckel 1866 [Laurin & Reisz 2020]
Reptilia Linnaeus, 1758 - reptiles
Eureptilia Olson, 1947
Romeriida Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe, 1988
[apomorphy-based clade] Diapsida Osborn 1903 [Gauthier & de Queiroz 2020]
[crown clade] Neodiapsida Benton 1985
[total clade] Pan-Lepidosauria Gauthier & de Queiroz 2020, sedis mutabilis
Lepidosauria Duméril & Bibron, 1839
[total clade] Pan-Squamata Gauthier & de Queiroz 2020
Squamata Oppel, 1811
Bifurcata Vidal & Hedges, 2005
Unidentata Vidal & Hedges, 2005
Episquamata Vidal & Hedges, 2005
Toxicofera Vidal & Hedges, 2005
Ophidia Brongniart, 1800
Serpentes Linnaeus, 1758 - snakes
Alethinophidia Nopcsa, 1923
Afrophidia Vidal, Delmas & Hedges, 2007
Caenophidia Hoffstetter, 1939
Colubroidea Oppel, 1811
Colubridae Oppel, 1811 - colubrids
Colubrinae Oppel, 1811
Rhynchocalamus Günther, 1864
Rhynchocalamus melanocephalus (Jan, 1862)