Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
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Clade dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
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Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
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Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
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Clade Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
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Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
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Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
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Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
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Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
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Clade Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
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Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
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Clade Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
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Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
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Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
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Subphylum Craniata auct.
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Infraphylum Vertebrata Lamarck, 1801 - vertebrates
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Clade Pan-Gnathostomata Downs 2020
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Superclass Gnathostomataᵀ Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates
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[crown] Clade Eugnathostomata
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Clade Pan-Osteichthyes Rowe 2004 [Moore & Near 2020]
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Clade Osteichthyes Huxley 1880 [Moore & Near 2020]
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Clade Pan-Sarcopterygii
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Clade Sarcopterygii Romer, 1955
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Clade Dipnotetrapodomorpha Nelson, 2006
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Clade Rhipidistia Cope, 1887
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Clade Tetrapodomorpha Ahlberg, 1991
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Clade Osteolepidida Boulenger 1901 [Cloutier & Ahlberg 1996]
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Clade Eotetrapodiformes Coates & Friedman, 2010
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[crown] Clade Elpistostegalia Camp & Allison, 1961
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Clade Stegocephali Cope 1868 [Laurin 2020]
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Clade Labyrinthodontia Owen 1859 [Laurin 2020]
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Clade Tetrapoda Hatschek & Cori 1896 [Laurin 2020]
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Clade Pan-Amniota Rowe 2004 [Laurin & Smithson 2020]
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Clade Batrachosauria
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Clade Amniota Haeckel 1866 [Laurin & Reisz 2020]
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Clade Synapsida Osborn 1903 [Laurin & Reisz 2020]
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[crown] Clade Therapsida Broom 1905 [Rowe 2020]
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Clade Theriodontia Owen, 1876
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Clade Eutheriodontia
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Clade Cynodontia Owen 1861 [Rowe 2020]
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Clade Epicynodontia Hopson & Kitching 2001
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Clade Eucynodontia Kemp 1982 [Rowe 1993]
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Clade Probainognathia Hopson, 1990
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Clade Mammaliamorpha Rowe 1988 [Rowe 2020]
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Clade Mammaliaformes Rowe 1988 [Rowe 2020]
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Clade Amphilestheria Gaetano & Rougier 2011
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Clade Holotheria Wible, Rougier, Novacek, McKenna & Dashzeveg 1995
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Class Mammaliaᵀ Linnaeus, 1758 - mammals
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Clade Theriimorphaᵀ Rowe 1993
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Clade Theriiformesᵀ Rowe 1988
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Clade Trechnotheriaᵀ McKenna 1975
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Clade Cladotheriaᵀ McKenna 1975
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Clade Zatheriaᵀ McKenna 1975
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Clade Prototribosphenidaᵀ Wible, Rougier, Novacek, McKenna & Dashzeveg 1995
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Clade Boreosphenidaᵀ Luo, Cifelli & Kielan-Jaworowska 2001
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Subclass Theriaᵀ Parker & Haswell, 1897
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Infraclass Eutheria Gill, 1872
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Cohort Placentalia Owen, 1837 - placentals
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Magnorder Boreoeutheria Springer & de Jong, 2001
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Superorder Euarchontoglires Murphy, Stanyon & O'Brien, 2001
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Grandorder Euarchonta Waddell, Okada & Hasegawa, 1999
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Order Primates Linnaeus, 1758 - primates
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Clade Euprimates
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Suborder Haplorhini Pocock, 1918
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Infraorder Simiiformes Haeckel, 1866
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Parvorder Catarrhini Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1812
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Superfamily Hominoidea Gray, 1825
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Family Hominidaeᵀ Gray, 1825
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Subfamily Homininaeᵀ Gray, 1825
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Tribe Homininiᵀ Gray, 1825
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Subtribe Homininaᵀ Gray, 1825
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Genus Homoᵀ Linnaeus, 1758 - people
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Homo sapiensᵀ Linnaeus, 1758 - human
Clade natates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade photaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade eucorta Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Superkingdom Corticata Lankester, 1878 - corticates
Kingdom Plantae Haeckel (1866) - plants
Subkingdom Viridiplantae Caval.-Sm. (1981) - green plants
Infrakingdom Streptophyta Caval.-Sm. (1993)
Clade Phragmoplastophyta Lecointre & Le Guyader 2006 [Hall, McCourt, Delwiche, Mishler & Karol 2020]
Clade Embryophytaᵀ Engler 1887 [Mishler & Qiu 2020]
Clade Pan-Tracheophytaᵀ Cantino & Donoghue 2007 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
Clade Apo-Tracheophytaᵀ Cantino & Donoghue 2007 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
[crown] Phylum Tracheophytaᵀ Sinnott ex Caval.-Sm. (1998) - vascular plants
Clade Pan-Euphyllophytaᵀ Cantino & Donoghue 2007 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
Clade Euphyllophytaᵀ Lecointre & Le Guyader 2006 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
Clade Pan-Spermatophytaᵀ Cantino & Donoghue 2007 [Cantino, Doyle & Donoghue 2020]
Clade Lignophytaᵀ Crane & Kenrick 1997, nom. cl. inval.
Clade Apo-Spermatophytaᵀ Cantino & Donoghue 2007 [Cantino, Doyle & Donoghue 2020]
[crown] Subphylum Spermatophytinaᵀ Caval.-Sm. (1998) - seed plants
Clade Pan-Angiospermae Cantino & Donoghue 2007 [Doyle, Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
[crown] Class Magnoliopsidaᵀ Brongn. (1843)
Clade Mesangiospermaeᵀ Donoghue, Doyle & Cantino 2007 [Donoghue, Doyle & Cantino 2020]
Clade Tricolpataeᵀ Donoghue, Doyle & Cantino 2007 [Donoghue, Doyle & Cantino 2020]
Clade Eudicotyledoneaeᵀ Donoghue, Doyle & Cantino 2007 [Donoghue, Doyle & Cantino 2020]
Clade Gunneridaeᵀ Soltis, Soltis & Judd 2007 [Soltis, Soltis & Judd 2020]
Clade Pentapetalaeᵀ Soltis, Soltis & Judd 2007 [Soltis, Soltis & Judd 2020]
Clade Superasteridaeᵀ Judd, Soltis & Soltis 2011 [Judd, Soltis & Soltis 2020]
Superorder Caryophyllanae Takht. (1967) [monotypic]
Order Caryophyllalesᵀ Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl (1820)
Family Caryophyllaceaeᵀ Juss. (1789), nom. cons. - pink family
Subfamily Caryophylloideaeᵀ
Tribe Sileneae
Genus Sileneᵀ L. (1753) - catchflies
Silene latifolia Poiret - bladder campion
Silene latifolia subsp. latifoliaᵀ Poiret