Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates see Infraphylum Vertebrata Lamarck, 1801
   Gnathostomata
     Teleostomi Bonaparte, 1836
       Class Osteichthyes Huxley, 1880 [paraphyletic] - bony fishes and tetrapods see Clade Osteichthyes Huxley 1880 [Moore & Near 2020]
         Subclass Actinopterygii Woodward, 1891 - ray-finned fishes see Class Actinopterygii Woodward, 1891
           Infraclass Neopterygii Regan, 1923 see Subclass Neopterygii Regan, 1923
             Division Teleostei Müller, 1845
               Subdivision Euteleostei Greenwood et al., 1966 see Cohort Euteleostei Greenwood et al., 1966
                 Superorder Acanthopterygii Rosen & Patterson, 1969 see Division Acanthopterygii Rosen & Patterson, 1969
                   Series Percomorpha see Division Percomorphacea Wiley & Johnson, 2010
                     Order Perciformes Bleeker, 1859 - perches
                       Suborder Trachinoidei Jordan & Evermann, 1896 see Suborder Percoidei Bleeker, 1859
                         01 Family Trichonotidae Günther, 1861 - sand divers
                         02 Family Opisthognathidae see Family Opistognathidae Bonaparte, 1835
                         03 Family Congrogadidae Günther, 1862 see Subfamily Congrogadinae Günther, 1862
                         04 Family Bathymasteridae Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 - ronquils
                         05 Family Notograptidae see Subfamily Acanthoclininae Günther, 1861
                         06 Family Mugiloididae see Family Mugilidae Jarocki, 1822
                         07 Family Pholidichthyidae Jordan, 1896 - convict-blennies
                         08 Family Cheimarrhychthyidae Carroll, 1988, nom. null. see Family Cheimarrichthyidae Regan, 1913
                         09 Family Trichonotidae Günther, 1861 - sand divers
                         10 Family Trachinidae Rafinesque, 1815 - weeverfishes
                         11 Family Percophididae see Family Percophidae Swainson, 1839
                         12 Family Trichodontidae Bleeker, 1859 - sandfishes
                         13 Family Creediidae Waite, 1899 - sand burrowers
                         14 Family Uranoscopidae Bonaparte, 1831 - stargazers
                         15 Family Leptoscopidae Gill, 1859 - southern sandfishes
                         16 Family Champsodontidae Jordan & Snyder, 1902 - gapers