Class Actinopterygii Woodward, 1891 - ray-finned fishes see Clade Actinopterygii Woodward 1891 [Moore & Near 2020]
   Subclass Neopterygii Regan, 1923
     1 [Order] †Pachycormiformes Berg, 1940
     2 [Order] †Aspidorhynchiformes Bleeker, 1859
     3 Infraclass Holostei Müller, 1846 - gars, bowfins, and relatives
     4.1 [plesion] [Order] †Pycnodontiformes Berg, 1937
     4.2 Infraclass Teleostei Müller, 1845 see Division Teleostei Müller, 1845