Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
   Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates see Infraphylum Vertebrata Lamarck, 1801
     Pisces
       Class Chondrichthyes Huxley, 1880 - cartilaginous fishes
         Subclass Elasmobranchii Bonaparte, 1838 - shark-like fishes see Infraclass Elasmobranchii Bonaparte, 1838
           Order Rajiformes Berg, 1940 - skates
             Family Anacanthobatidae von Bonde & Swart, 1923 - legskates
             Family †Hypsobatidae Cappetta, 1992
             Family Platyrhinidae Jordan, 1923 - thornbacks
             Family Rajidae Blainville, 1816 - hardnose skates
             Family Rhinobatidae Bonaparte, 1835 - guitarfishes