Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
Clade Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Clade Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Clade Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Subphylum Craniata auct.
Infraphylum Vertebrata Lamarck, 1801 - vertebrates
Clade Pan-Gnathostomata Downs 2020
Superclass Gnathostomataᵀ Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates
[crown] Clade Eugnathostomata
Clade Pan-Osteichthyes Rowe 2004 [Moore & Near 2020]
Clade Osteichthyes Huxley 1880 [Moore & Near 2020]
Clade Pan-Actinopterygii Rowe 2004 [Moore & Near 2020]
Clade Actinopterygiiᵀ Woodward 1891 [Moore & Near 2020]
Clade Pan-Actinopteri Moore & Near 2020
Class Actinopteri Cope, 1871
Subclass Neopterygii Regan, 1923
Infraclass Teleosteomorpha Arratia, 2001
Division Teleostei Müller, 1845
Supercohort Teleocephala de Pinna, 1996 - crown-group Teleostei
Cohort Clupeocephala Patterson & Rosen, 1977
Subcohort Euteleosteomorpha Greenwood et al., 1966
Infracohort Neoteleostei Nelson, 1969
Supersection Eurypterygia Rosen, 1973
Section Ctenosquamata Rosen, 1973
Subsection Acanthomorphata Rosen, 1973
Clade Euacanthomorpha Johnson & Patterson, 1993
Clade Holacanthopterygii Johnson & Patterson, 1993
Division Acanthopterygii Rosen & Patterson, 1969
Subdivision Percomorphaceae
Series Eupercaria
Order Acanthuriformes Jordan, 1923 - surgeonfishes and relatives
01 Family Gerreidae Bleeker, 1859 - mojarras
02 Family Sillaginidae Richardson, 1846 - sillagos
03.1 Family Moronidae Jordan & Evermann, 1896 - white basses
03.2.1 Family Drepaneidae Gill, 1872 [monotypic] - sicklefishes
03.2.2 Family Ephippidae Bleeker, 1859 - spadefishes and batfishes
04 Family Sciaenidae Cuvier, 1829 - croakers and drums
05 Family Dinopercidae Heemstra & Hecht, 1986 - cavebasses
06 Family Haemulidae Gill, 1885 - grunts
07 Family Lobotidae Gill, 1861 - tripletails and tigerperches
08 Family Monodactylidae Jordan & Evermann, 1898 [monotypic] - moonies
09 Family Emmelichthyidae Poey, 1867 - rovers
10 Family Lutjanidae Gill, 1861 - snappers
11.1 Family Malacanthidae Poey, 1861 - tilefishes
11.2 Family Latilidae Gill, 1862 - deepwater tilefishes
12.1 Family Pomacanthidae Jordan & Evermann, 1898 - angelfishes
12.2.1 Family Chaetodontidae Rafinesque, 1815 - butterflyfishes
12.2.2 Family Leiognathidae Gill, 1893 - ponyfishes
13.1 Family †Acanthonemidae Bannikov, 1991
13.2 Family †Sorbinipercidae Tyler, 1998 [paraphyletic]
13.2.n Family †Zorzinichthyidae Tyler & Bannikov, 2002 [monotypic]
13.3 Family Luvaridae Gill, 1885 - luvars
13.4 Family †Kushlukiidae Daniltshenko, 1968 [monotypic]
13.5 Family †Caprovesposidae Bannikov & Fedotov, 1984
13.6 Family †Massalongiidae Tyler & Bannikov, 2005
13.7.1 Family Zanclidae Bleeker, 1876 [monotypic] - Moorish idols
13.7.2 Family Acanthuridaeᵀ Bonaparte, 1835 - surgeonfishes and unicornfishes
14 Family Callanthiidae Ogilby, 1899 - splendid perches
15.1 Family Nemipteridae Regan, 1913 - threadfin breams and spinycheeks
15.2 Family Lethrinidae Bonaparte, 1831 - emperor snappers
15.3 Family Sparidae Rafinesque, 1818 - porgys and seabreams
16 Family Siganidae Richardson, 1837 - rabbitfishes
17 Family Scatophagidae Gill, 1883 - scats
18.1 Family Cepolidae Rafinesque, 1815 - bandfishes
18.2 Family Priacanthidae Günther, 1859 - bigeyes
19.1 Family Caproidae Bonaparte, 1835 [monotypic] - boarfishes
19.2 Family Antigoniidae Jordan & Evermann, 1898 [monotypic] - deepwater boarfishes