life
see Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Empire Eukaryota (Chatton, 1925)
see Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925
Kingdom Plantae Haeckel (1866) - plants
Subkingdom Viridiplantae Caval.-Sm. (1981) - green plants
Infrakingdom Cormophyta Caval.-Sm. (1998) - embryophytes
see Subkingdom Viridaeplantae Cavalier-Sm. (1981)
Phylum Tracheophyta Sinnott ex Caval.-Sm. (1998) - vascular plants
Subphylum Pteridophytina (Eichler) Cavalier-Sm. (1998) [paraphyletic] - pteridophytes
see Infraphylum Moniliformopses Kenrick & P.R.Crane (1997), nom. inval.
Infraphylum Filices (L.) Cavalier-Sm. (1998) [paraphyletic?] - ferns
see Class Polypodiopsida Cronquist, Takht. & Zimmerm. (1966)