Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Animalia - (Phylum) Chordata - (Class) Actinopteri

Current position

Syngnatharia (Series)

Ref: R. van der Laan, 2018: 75.

Alternative positions

Actinopteri (Class) Cope, 1871	Ref: R. van der Laan et al., 2021: (4 Feb 2025); ECoF(4 Feb 2025).
Actinopterygii (Class) Woodward, 1891	Ref: W.N. Eschmeyer & J.D. Fong, 2011: 33.
Osteichthyes (Class) Huxley, 1880	Ref: N. Bailly et al., 2001: 368.
Percomorpha (Series)	Ref: J.S. Nelson et al., 2016: 405.

Historical positions

Syngnatharia (Series)	Ref: R. van der Laan, 2018: 75.
Syngnatharia (Series)	Ref: R. Betancur-R et al., 2017: 23.
Percomorpha (Series)	Ref: J.S. Nelson et al., 2016: 405.
Actinopterygii (Class) Woodward, 1891	Ref: W.N. Eschmeyer, 2004-2016: 24 Jan 2006.
Actinopterygii (Class) Woodward, 1891	Ref: W.N. Eschmeyer & J.D. Fong, 2011: 33.
Osteichthyes (Class) Huxley, 1880	Ref: N. Bailly et al., 2001: 368.
Actinopterygii (Class) Woodward, 1891	Ref: W.N. Eschmeyer, 1998: 2472.
Actinopterygii (Class) Woodward, 1891	Ref: 1998
Percomorpha (Series)	Ref: R.L. Carroll, 1988: 608.

Number of Subtaxa

2025	Available in Systema Naturae 2000	10f;89g;551s;18ss; †6f;10g;2s
1989-present	Systema Naturae 2000: 5 Jul 2025	[10f;89g; †6f]
2018	R. van der Laan: 76	[10f; †7f]
2017	R. Betancur-R et al.: 23	[10f]
2016	J.S. Nelson et al.: 412	[8f]
2004-2016	W.N. Eschmeyer: 24 Jan 2006	[5f]
2011	W.N. Eschmeyer & J.D. Fong: 33	5f
1998	W.N. Eschmeyer	5f
1988	R.L. Carroll: 608	[6f; †2f]