Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Animalia - (Phylum) Chordata

Phylogeny

Monophyletic		Ref: J.S. Nelson, 2006: 39.
Holophyletic		Ref: R.L. Carroll, 1988: [16].

Subsequent entries

†Wellingtonellidae (Family) Märss, Wilson & Thorsteinsson, 2002

Ref: T. Märss et al., 2002: 117 ("?").

Current position

Eugnathostomata ([unranked])

Ref: J.S. Nelson et al., 2016: 40; Chevrinais et al., 2017: fig. 6. [implicit]

Alternative positions

Chondrichthiomorphi (Grade)	Ref: J.S. Nelson, 2006: 39.
Chondrichthyomorphi (Grade)	Ref: J.S. Nelson et al., 2016: 40.
Gnathostomata (Infraphylum) Gegenbaur, 1874	Ref: M.J. Benton, 2015: 434.
Gnathostomata (Superclass) Gegenbaur, 1874	Ref: R. van der Laan, 2018: 34.
Pisces ([unranked])	Ref: N. Bailly et al., 2001: 358.
Pisces (Superclass) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz, 1982: 239.
Vertebrata (Subphylum) Cuvier, 1812	Ref: R.L. Carroll, 1988: 598. [implicit]

Historical positions

Gnathostomata (Superclass) Gegenbaur, 1874	Ref: R. van der Laan, 2018: 34.
Chondrichthyomorphi (Grade)	Ref: J.S. Nelson et al., 2016: 40, figs. (pp. 14, 96).
Gnathostomata (Infraphylum) Gegenbaur, 1874	Ref: M.J. Benton, 2015: 434, box 3.7 (p. 74).
Chondrichthiomorphi (Grade)	Ref: J.S. Nelson, 2006: 17, 39-41, fig. (p. 20).
Gnathostomata (Infraphylum) Gegenbaur, 1874	Ref: M.J. Benton, 2005: 390, box 7.2, fig. 3.12.
Chordata ([unranked]) Bateson, 1885	Ref: J.J. Sepkoski Jr., 2002: 301.
Vertebrata (Subphylum) Cuvier, 1812	Ref: T. Märss et al., 2002: 116. [indirect]
Pisces ([unranked])	Ref: N. Bailly et al., 2001: 358.
Vertebrata (Subphylum) Cuvier, 1812	Ref: 2000
Pisces ([unranked])	Ref: 1998
Pisces ([unranked])	Ref: 1995
Vertebrata (Subphylum) Cuvier, 1812	Ref: R.C. Brusca & G.J. Brusca, 1990
Gnathostomata ([unranked])	Ref: R.L. Carroll, 1988: 598, fig. 1.3.
Gnathostomata (Superclass) Gegenbaur, 1874	Ref: R.C. van Caenegem et al., 1980: 307.
Vertebrata (Subphylum) Cuvier, 1812	Ref: J.D. McEachran, 1982: 831; 832.
Pisces (Superclass) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz, 1982: 239.
Pisces (Superclass) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: T.I. Storer et al., 1979: 327.
Pisces (Superclass) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: B. Grzimek et al., 1974: 532.

Number of Subtaxa

2025	Available in Systema Naturae 2000	14o;68f;218g;1150s;2ss; †30o;109f;245g;49s
1989-present	Systema Naturae 2000: 12 May 2025	[14o;68f;218g; †30o;109f]
2018	R. van der Laan: 46	[14o;67f; †30o;105f]
2016	J.S. Nelson et al.: 95	[14o;54f; †27o;74f]
1999	L.J.V. Compagno	13o;47f;182g;1015s;2ss
1989	L.J.V. Compagno et al.	>1,100s
1988	R.L. Carroll: 601	[4o;41f; †13o;33f]
1982	J.D. McEachran: 831, 832	2sc;14o;50f;797-843s
1979	T.I. Storer et al.	~1,000s